Instrumental Methods of Radiation Diagnostics and Therapy

Description: Study and application of various radiation research methods, such as radiography, fluoroscopy, fluorography, X-ray television, electroradiography, digital radiography, linear and computed tomography, as well as magnetic resonance methods and medical thermography. Explanation of the physical foundations of radiation diagnostics, classification and evaluation of the characteristics of x-ray images. The selection and testing of optimal diagnostic and therapeutic methods, problem solving, experimental measurements with further data processing are carried out.

Amount of credits: 8

Пререквизиты:

• Medical Devices, Systems and Components

Course Workload:

Component: University component

Cycle: Profiling disciplines

Goal

• The purpose of mastering the discipline – formation of professional theoretical and practical skills and knowledge about the possibilities of methods of radiation diagnostics and treatment of diseases of organs and systems with the help of physical influences (electromagnetic and corpuscular radiation and ultrasound), types and methods of obtaining images of internal organs, the physical foundations of imaging and diagnosis of diseases, the influence of various types of ionizing radiation in the treatment of neoplasms, as well as a number of non-tumor processes, creating the basis for a full-fledged further training of a specialist in the development of subsequent disciplines and in professional activity.

Objective

• Tasks: students' study of the physical foundations of ionizing and non-ionizing studies used in medicine for diagnostic purposes; principles of imaging internal organs using various types of radiation; study of methods and principles of examination of the patient by radiation methods; study of normal human radiation anatomy; assessment of the patient's condition based on obtaining static and dynamic pictures of internal organs; formation of students' fundamentals of clinical thinking based on the analysis of radiation images for the future practice of a doctor; formation of professional skills of examination of the patient using radiation research methods to identify symptoms and syndromes of major diseases of organs and systems; study of the principles of radiation oncology, clinical and biological foundations of radiation treatment of tumors, the body's response to therapeutic radiation exposure.

Learning outcome: knowledge and understanding

• To know: biophysical properties, radiosensitivity and radioresistance of tissues and organs; types of electromagnetic, ultrasonic and corpuscular radiation used in medicine to obtain medical images; basic and special methods for obtaining images of internal organs, a system of digital image formation and transmission; a system of radiation protection and occupational safety in the diagnostic use of radiation; and the basics of organo-complex the use of modern methods of radiation imaging; methods of X-ray examination: radiography, fluorography, fluoroscopy, computed tomography, special and contrast methods of research; radionuclide research methods: scintigraphy, radiography, radiometry; magnetic resonance imaging device, principles of formation of magnetic resonance imaging of organs; diagnostic value of methods of radiation diagnostics; criteria for the diagnosis of various diseases; principles of radiation oncology; clinical and biological foundations radiation treatment of tumors; the body's reaction to therapeutic radiation exposure.

Learning outcome: applying knowledge and understanding

• Уметь: определять виды лучевого исследования, способа его выполнения, идентификация органа, оценка качества исследования; определить объем и последовательность лучевых исследований (рентгенологическое, радионуклидное, ультразвуковое); оценить качество рентгеновского изображения, виды нерезкости изображений; пользоваться средствами защиты от ионизирующих излучений. Владеть: навыками интерпретации лучевых изображений при консультации лучевого диагноста или с помощью протокола лучевого исследования правильно оценить морфологические и функциональные изменения при наиболее частых заболеваниях органов и систем; при консультации лучевого диагноста оценить реакцию организма пациента на лечебное лучевое воздействие.