Interaction of radiation with matter

Description: urrently, humanity uses various types of ionizing particles for its practical needs: medicine, nuclear energy, industrial flaw detection, radiation and chemical technologies, scientific research and other areas of professional activity. In this regard, this course provides the basic concepts for representing a complex set of processes that occur in a substance when radiation of various types interacts with it. The process of ionizing radiation irradiation, which is the main method of studying the structure of condensed matter and one of the radical ways to change its physical, chemical and biological properties, is considered.

Amount of credits: 6

Пререквизиты:

• Physics of Condensed State
• Basic Physics of X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis

Course Workload:

Component: Component by selection

Cycle: Profiling disciplines

Goal

• formation of physical ideas about the laws of interaction of charged particles, photons and neutrons with matter, for the application of this knowledge when working in various fields of science, technology and medicine related to the use of ionizing radiation

Objective

• 1. The main objectives of the discipline are related to the acquisition of students ' theoretical knowledge and practical skills necessary for: creating a correct perception of the object under study; the ability to predict the properties of the object under study in time and space based on certain knowledge about its initial state, as well as the study of the interaction with various substances; the formation of a unified mathematical approach for the quantitative solution of specific problems within the framework of accepted approximations.

Learning outcome: knowledge and understanding

• 1. 1. Basic laws, concepts and approaches within the framework of modern ideas about the nature of exposure to various types of radiation with matter of living and inanimate nature

Learning outcome: applying knowledge and understanding

• 1. 1. To use knowledge of patterns in the effects of radiation on substances to explain physico-chemical and biophysical phenomena and processes

Learning outcome: formation of judgments

• 1. 1. To predict the behavior of phenomena and processes in complex bio-, physico-chemical systems in time and space based on certain knowledge about its initial state

Learning outcome: communicative abilities

• 1. 1. Formulate the basic concepts of the section, solve physical problems and evaluate the orders of physical quantities.

Learning outcome: learning skills or learning abilities

• 1. 1. The main trends and directions of development of plasma-beam and electric discharge technologies and equipment for them.

Teaching methods

1. The discipline "Interaction of radiation with matter" has a pronounced interdisciplinary character. The purpose of this discipline is to form ideas about the nature of the effects of radiation on various systems, including humans; to get acquainted with the basics of radiology (radiochemistry) and the general mechanisms of interaction of radiation with objects of various nature. To do this, the student needs to form a modern natural science worldview, develop scientific thinking, expand their scientific and technical horizons, as well as instill creativity and the ability to adopt standard and non-standard scientific research methods to solve tasks.

Assessment of the student's knowledge

Teacher oversees various tasks related to ongoing assessment and determines students' current performance twice during each academic period. Ratings 1 and 2 are formulated based on the outcomes of this ongoing assessment. The student's learning achievements are assessed using a 100-point scale, and the final grades P1 and P2 are calculated as the average of their ongoing performance evaluations. The teacher evaluates the student's work throughout the academic period in alignment with the assignment submission schedule for the discipline. The assessment system may incorporate a mix of written and oral, group and individual formats.

The evaluating policy of learning outcomes by work type

Evaluation form

The student's final grade in the course is calculated on a 100 point grading scale, it includes:

• 40% of the examination result;
• 60% of current control result.

The final grade is calculated by the formula:

 

Where Midterm 1, Midterm 2are digital equivalents of the grades of Midterm 1 and 2;

E is a digital equivalent of the exam grade.

Final alphabetical grade and its equivalent in points:

The letter grading system for students' academic achievements, corresponding to the numerical equivalent on a four-point scale:

Topics of lectures

• Relativistic kinematics of elastic scattering
• Microscopic cross-section of the interaction
• Scattering of electromagnetic waves on free charges
• Elements of the quantum theory of elastic scattering
• Features of elastic scattering of electrons and positrons
• The cross section of the ionization of an atom by charged particles
• Braking radiation of charged particles
• Basic definitions
• Types of nuclear interactions of charged particles
• The runs of charged particles in a substance
• The runs of charged particles in a substance
• Scattering of electromagnetic waves on free charges
• Scattering of electromagnetic waves on free charges
• Scattering of electromagnetic waves by bound charges
• Photo effect

Key reading

• 1. 1. V.I. Bespalov Interaction of ionizing radiation with matter: a textbook. 4th ed., corrected / - Tomsk: Publishing house of Tomsk Polytechnic University, 2008. 2. Chernyaev A.P. Interaction of ionizing radiation with matter. - M.: FIZMATLIT, 2004. 3. N.G. Gusev, V.A. Klimanov, V.P. Mashkovich, A.P. Suvorov Protection against ionizing radiation. T. 1. Physical foundations of radiation protection: Textbook for universities - 3rd ed. M.: Energoatomizdat, 1989. 4. A.M. Kolchuzhkin, V.V. Uchaikin Introduction to collision theory, Tomsk, TSU, 1979. 5. V.V. Balashov Structure of matter. – M.: Publishing house. Moscow State University, 1993. 6. S.V. Starodubtsev, A.M. Romanov. "Interaction of gamma radiation with matter", Tashkent, 1964. 7. Yu.M. Shirokov, N.P. Yudin "Nuclear Physics", M., Nauka, 1972. 8. K.N. Mukhin "Experimental Nuclear Physics", vol. 1., M., Atomizdat, 1974