Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy

Description: The course content pays attention to the basics of physics of the microworld and the impossibility of describing phenomena in the microworld within the framework of classical theory. An important place in the course is occupied by the study of the fundamentals of quantum mechanics, its basic concepts are introduced: operators, wave function, Schrödinger equation. As a result of studying the course, students should know the basic laws of atomic physics and spectroscopy, basic physical phenomena, methods of their observation and experimental research, be able to formulate basic concepts, and solve physical problems.

Amount of credits: 5

Пререквизиты:

• Physical Optics

Course Workload:

Component: University component

Cycle: Base disciplines

Goal

• The purpose of this course is to provide students with ideas: - on the structure of atoms and molecules and spectroscopy; - on physical theory as a generalization of observations, practical experiments and experiments presented at the appropriate mathematical level; - on the main methods of observation, measurement and experimentation in atomic physics.

Objective

• The main task of studying the discipline is to give an idea of the fundamental quantum-mechanical laws caused by the structure, properties and processes in atomic shells.

Learning outcome: knowledge and understanding

• Basic laws of atomic physics and spectroscopy, basic physical phenomena, methods of their observations and experimental research, be able to formulate basic concepts, solve physical problems. An idea of the main atomic phenomena, the features of their course, the basic concepts, quantities, units of measurement, the main methods of experimentation and processing of measurement results. Correctly correlate the content of specific problems with the laws of atomic physics, use basic spectral devices, solve physical problems and evaluate the orders of physical quantities. Use spectral devices, in solving specific problems of atomic physics.

Learning outcome: applying knowledge and understanding

• use the main spectral devices, solve specific problems of atomic physics and their correlation with the general laws of physics.

Learning outcome: formation of judgments

• the concept of quantum phenomena at the atomic and molecular level; the experimental foundations of quantum physics and physical phenomena caused by the electronic shells of atoms and molecules; the limits of applicability of physical models and hypotheses.

Learning outcome: communicative abilities

• willingness to cooperate with colleagues, to work in a team; willingness to use the basic laws of the discipline in professional activities, to apply the methods of theoretical and experimental research.

Learning outcome: learning skills or learning abilities

• formulate the basic concepts of the section, solve physical problems, and evaluate the orders of physical quantities.

Teaching methods

When conducting training sessions, the following educational technologies are provided: - interactive lecture (using the following active forms of learning: guided discussion or conversation; moderation; demonstration of slides or educational films; brainstorming; motivational speech); - building scenarios for various situations based on the specified conditions; - information and communication technology (for example, classes in a computer class using professional software packages); - search and research (independent research activity of students in the learning process); - the solution of educational tasks.

Assessment of the student's knowledge

Teacher oversees various tasks related to ongoing assessment and determines students' current performance twice during each academic period. Ratings 1 and 2 are formulated based on the outcomes of this ongoing assessment. The student's learning achievements are assessed using a 100-point scale, and the final grades P1 and P2 are calculated as the average of their ongoing performance evaluations. The teacher evaluates the student's work throughout the academic period in alignment with the assignment submission schedule for the discipline. The assessment system may incorporate a mix of written and oral, group and individual formats.

The evaluating policy of learning outcomes by work type

Evaluation form

The student's final grade in the course is calculated on a 100 point grading scale, it includes:

• 40% of the examination result;
• 60% of current control result.

The final grade is calculated by the formula:

 

Where Midterm 1, Midterm 2are digital equivalents of the grades of Midterm 1 and 2;

E is a digital equivalent of the exam grade.

Final alphabetical grade and its equivalent in points:

The letter grading system for students' academic achievements, corresponding to the numerical equivalent on a four-point scale:

Topics of lectures

• Introduction
• Empirical regularities in atomic spectra
• The theory of the hydrogen atom according to Bohr
• Wave-particle dualism
• Electron diffraction and methods of its observation
• Vector model of the electron shell of an atom
• The experiments of Einstein de Gas
• Distribution of electrons in electron shells
• Principles of optical amplification and generation
• Influence of external magnetic and electric fields on atomic levels and spectra
• Values that characterize the general properties of nuclei: mass, charge, spin, magnetic moment of the nucleus
• Formation of molecules from atoms
• The different branches of the molecular spectra and the intensity distribution in these branches
• Continuous spectra of diatomic molecules
• Advanced understanding of crystal structure

Key reading

• 1. Иродов И.Е. Атомная и ядерная физика. Сборник задач: Учебное пособие.- ,СПб: изд. Лан, 2002. – 288 с. 2. Милантьев В.П. Атомная физика: Учебное пособие. – М.: Изд. РУДН.2000,-373 с. 3. Гинзбург В.Л., Левин Л.М., Рабинович М.С., Сивухин Д.В. Сборник задач по общему курсу физики. Том 5. Атомная физика. Физика ядра и элементарных частиц. – М., Физматлит: Лань, 2006, 184 с. 4. Иродов И.Е. Задачи по общей физике. М.: Наука, 1988 с. 5. Савельев И.В. Курс общей физики. Книга 5. М.: Наука,1998.- 368с. 6. Джумагулова К.Н. и др. Лабораторный практикум по атомной физике. Курчатов,2001,-110с

Further reading

• 1. Матвеев А.Н., Атомная физика. Учебное пособие.- М.: Высшая школа, 1989.-439с. 2. Сивухин Д.В. Общий курс физики, т.5. Атомная и ядерная физика:ч.1, уч.пособие.-М.1986-416с. 3. Шпольский Э.В.Атомная физика: Учебное пособие в 2-х томах-М.:Наука, 1984, т.2.-483с. 4. Иродов И.Е.Сборник задачпо атомной и ядерной физике. Учебное пособие.- М.: Энергоиздат, 1984.-240с.